Costa Rica is renowned for its incredible biodiversity, with an array of fascinating wildlife species that attract nature enthusiasts from around the world. One such fascinating bird found in Costa Rica is the Keel-Billed Toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus), known for its distinctive appearance, featuring a large, colorful beak that makes it instantly recognizable. In this article, we will delve into the world of the Keel-Billed Toucan, exploring its unique features, behavior, and habitat, and uncovering why it has become an icon of Costa Rica’s rich biodiversity.

Description and Physical Features:The Keel-Billed Toucan is a medium-sized bird that measures approximately 17 to 22 inches in length, with a weight of about 380 to 500 grams. However, what sets this bird apart is its remarkable beak, which can grow up to 7.5 inches in length, making up almost one-third of its entire body length!

The beak is vividly colored, with hues of bright green, blue, red, and orange, making it a true spectacle to behold. The large size and vibrant colors of the beak serve both practical and aesthetic purposes. It is lightweight, yet sturdy, allowing the bird to reach fruits and prey that may be otherwise difficult to access, and its striking colors make it an attractive mate and a powerful visual signal during territorial displays.

Habitat and Distribution:The Keel-Billed Toucan is native to the rainforests of Central and South America, including Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela. Within Costa Rica, it can be found in various habitats, including tropical rainforests, montane cloud forests, and lowland forests. These birds prefer areas with dense tree canopies, as they rely on trees for food, shelter, and nesting sites.

Diet and Feeding Behavior:The Keel-Billed Toucan has a primarily frugivorous diet, consisting of a wide variety of fruits, including figs, berries, and tropical fruits like bananas and papayas. They also feed on small insects, lizards, and even bird eggs. Their large beak is specially adapted for feeding on fruits, as they use it to pluck and peel the skin of the fruit, revealing the succulent flesh underneath.

Their beak also acts as a tool for catching and manipulating small prey. Keel-Billed Toucans are known to forage in small flocks, often moving in search of fruiting trees and communicating with a series of loud, croaking calls.

Behavior and Reproduction:Keel-Billed Toucans are social birds that typically live in small groups of 6 to 12 individuals. They are known for their acrobatic and playful behavior, often hopping and flying between branches with ease. These birds are cavity nesters, and they typically nest in tree holes or abandoned tree cavities, which they line with leaves and feathers for insulation.

Females usually lay 2 to 4 eggs, which are incubated by both parents for about 16 to 18 days. After hatching, the chicks are fed regurgitated food by their parents until they are ready to fledge, which usually takes about 6 to 7 weeks.

Keel-Billed Toucans have a relatively long lifespan in the wild, averaging around 15 years, although some individuals have been known to live for over 20 years.